Forms Of State ; Comparison of Federation and Confederation ...Political science Paper 2 .. Best Notes for CSS PMS Exams  

There are three form of state 

1. Unitary
2.  Federation
3.  Confederation 

1. Unitary state :

            A state in which the supreme governmental authorityu is vested by constitution in a single central government which rules whole country.

2. Federation or federal state :

              The state in which the supreme authority of state is ditributed by constitution between the central government and government of federating units.

3. Confederation :

              A group or association of two or more soverign states which have permanently given up part of their liberty for some specific aims and objects , such as defence .

Comparison of Federation and Confederation 

1. Confederation , a league of Sovereign states while Federation , a single sovereign state .
2. Confederation is based on contract while Federation is based on constitution.
3. Confederation has no central government or weak central government while federation strongcentral government .
4. Single citizenship maintained in Confideration while double citizenship in Federation.
5. Confideration is a loose union while Federation is a strong union.
6. Confederation could be dissolved , while Federation remains ever.
7. New status could be created in Federation , while Confideration is of existing age .
8. In Federation the government directly deals with people while in Confederation the central government deal with state rather people.